Glossary / Glossary
Fitness, biomechanics, MIDA, nutrition and AI terms explained.
Динамический коэффициент
BiomechanicsD(r) = 1/√((1−r²)² + (2ζr)²)
How many times the dynamic response exceeds the static one at frequency ratio r = ω/ωₙ.
EN: Dynamic amplification factor
Кажущаяся масса кисти
BiomechanicsISO 10068 hand-arm biodynamics
Effective hand-arm mass on the bar: 0.2–0.5 kg per ISO 10068; 0.30 kg per hand is used.
EN: Apparent mass of the hand
КМ-резонанс
BiomechanicsMusculoskeletal resonance
Musculoskeletal resonance of a joint: f_km = (1/2π)·√(K_joint / J_eff); in VibroTheory computed for the elbow axis via BioSim.
EN: Musculoskeletal resonance
Обратный хват
BiomechanicsSupinated (palms-up) grip: the palms face toward the body / upward.
EN: Underhand grip
Периферическое сердце (Назаров)
BiomechanicsA rhythmically contracting muscle group acting as a pump
Nazarov’s concept: the muscle-venous pump; under BMS the venous return grows 30–50%, lymph drainage 2–4×, microcirculation 40–60%.
EN: Peripheral heart (Nazarov)
Прямой хват
BiomechanicsPronated (palms-down) grip: the palms face away from the body / downward, thumb wrapping one side, the other four fingers the other.
EN: Overhand grip
Разнохват
BiomechanicsAsymmetric bar grip: one hand overhand, the other underhand (and vice versa).
EN: Mixed grip
Резонанс (механический)
BiomechanicsSharp amplitude growth when the eccentric rotation frequency coincides with a natural frequency.
EN: Resonance (mechanical)
Собственная частота (мода)
BiomechanicsThe free-oscillation frequency of a mechanical system; the first 5 modes of the pipe+shaft assembly are stored.
EN: Natural frequency (mode)
ТВР (тонический вибрационный рефлекс)
BiomechanicsTonic Vibration Reflex, 20–60 Hz
Involuntary muscle contraction triggered by vibration of the muscle spindles (Ia afferents → spinal cord → alpha motor neurons); up to 97% vs 40–60% of fibers in voluntary effort.
EN: Tonic Vibration Reflex (TVR)
Темп (4 фазы)
BiomechanicsSamson-fit four-phase tempo notation: eccentric — pause at bottom — concentric — pause at top.
EN: Tempo (4-phase)
Кгс (килограмм-сила)
GeneralKilogram-force
A force unit: 1 kgf = 9.80665 N — the weight of a 1 kg mass at standard gravity.
EN: kgf (kilogram-force)
HRV
HealthHeart Rate Variability
Heart rate variability — variation in inter-beat intervals.
EN: HRV
Adaptation
MIDAAdaptation — lasting change in physiological parameters under training.
EN: Adaptation
Aero Dose
MIDAAerobic Dose
Aerobic dose — quantitative measure of aerobic load stimulating mitochondria (MX).
EN: Aero Dose